Thermal Equilibrium Experiment free essay sample

This laboratory focused on the thermodynamic processes involved when two incompressible substances are mixed together. 12 experiments were performed, 10 involving the combination of a measured amount of hot and cold water and 2 involving the combination of ice and liquid water, the majority of these experiments were performed three times. The average variance in final temperature for each experiment was less than 10 percent providing proof of repeatability. Equipment used during the experiment included a gram scale, thermocouple, Styrofoam cup, glass beakers, microwave, an ice bath and ice. The first half of the experiment was dedicated to the mixing of two containers of water at different temperatures. The mass of the water in each container was measured and the containers were then heated or cooled to achieve the temperature desired for the experiment. The temperature was measured with a thermocouple before and after mixing. The data was recorded and is included in tables. The second half of the experiment involves the mixing of ice and liquid water. Water was weighed and cooled then mixed with an amount of ice that was also weighed. The temperature before and after mixing was recorded and included in tables. When the experiments were completed analysis was performed using the laws of thermodynamics. The data collected was used in equations to find theoretical values for final equilibrium temperature. The theoretical values were compared with those measured during the experiment. The total average percent difference between the measured final temperature and the theoretical final temperature is less than 5. 0%. This low deflection between measurement and theory lends credibility to the experiment and proof of the concepts provided within the experiment. When two incompressible substances of different temperatures are combined, there will be a resultant equilibrium temperature that lies between the temperatures of the substances that were combined. The mass of the substances greatly affects the resulting final temperature. An incompressible substance is one whose volume can be considered constant no matter the change in pressure. In this laboratory, the incompressible substance water was used in its liquid and solid states. The First Law of Thermodynamics is essentially an energy balance equation and is state below. Q – W = ? U (Eq. 1) Q represents the amount of heat transferred into or out of the system. W represents the amount of work done by or on a system. ?U represents the change in the internal energy of the system. The units for Q, W and U are kilojoules. When analyzing a thermodynamic process, a system boundary must be established. Establishing the boundary will determine how complicated or simple the first law analysis is. The boundary for this experiment was established in such a way that there was no heat transferred into or out of the system. There was also no work being done on or by the system. A value for work would be required if a device such as a compressor or turbine was included in the system. Since there is no heat transfer across the boundary or work done, the Q and W values are considered to be zero. The equation now becomes. 0 = ? U = Ut2 – Ut1(Eq. 2) In order to use equation 2, the mass and specific heat of the incompressible material was determined. Specific heat refers to the amount of energy, measured in kilojoules, required to raise one kilogram of the incompressible substance by one degree Kelvin or Celsius. The specific heat value for water at 1 atmosphere of pressure varies according to temperature, but the average is 4. 18 KJ / KG* ? K Using mass and specific heat values, the following equation for the change in internal energy was used to calculate final equilibrium temperature. 0 = [ M * C * ( T2 – T1 ) ]substance 1 + [ M * C * ( T2 – T1 ) ]substance 2(Eq. 3) M represents the mass of the substance ( KG ) C represents the specific heat of the substance ( KJ / KG * ? K ) T2 represents the final equilibrium temperature ( ? Kelvin ) T1 represents the initial temperature ( ? Kelvin ) Modifications to this equation must be made in the case of phase change. Phase change occurs when a substance changes from a solid to a liquid for example. When hot water was mixed with ice, the ice changed phase from solid to liquid. This phase change must be taken into account because a portion of the total system energy is committed to the process of turning the solid ice into liquid water. To accomplish this, the latent heat of melting for ice is included in the energy balance equation. The average percent difference between theoretical final temperature and measured final temperature for Table V is 5. 23%. This indicates that the theoretical calculations and the measured values for final temperature are close enough to one another to lend credibility to the experiment. Data from Table IV was used in Equation 4 to find the theoretical final equilibrium temperatures for the experiments involving the mixing of ice and water. The average percent difference between the theoretical final temperature and the measured final temperature is 3. 61%. This is also an indication of a legitimate, repeatable experiment. Possible sources for error in the experiment contributing to variations between measured and theoretical final temperatures are listed below. †¢Liquid residue remaining in transfer beakers causing the mass of the water that was actually mixed to be lower than that measured in the beaker before mixing. †¢Evaporation of liquid from the hot water beaker during transfer from the microwave to the laboratory station where the experiment was being performed. This will also cause a lower mass of water to be mixed. †¢Accuracy of testing equipment. The thermocouples and gram scales used have tolerances above and below actual values being measured. †¢Heat transfer due to the environment such as convection and radiant heat transfer. Though our experiment was simplified by specifying a system boundary by which there was no heat transfer into or out of the system. The fact that some amount of heat transfer due to the environment occurred can’t be completely ignored. The Equilibrium Experiment provided valuable information concerning the thermodynamic processes involved in the mixing of two incompressible substances. Data was successfully obtained from numerous experiments and analyzed using Equations 3 and 4. The overall percentage difference from data collected to theoretical calculations made is a mere 4. 42%. The quality of the results lends credibility to the experiment and confirms established theory. When two substances of different temperatures are combined, they will eventually reach an equilibrium temperature that lies between the initial temperatures of the two substances. The mass and temperature of the objects govern what the final temperature will be.

Secret Information About Frankenstein Critical Analysis Essay Topics That Only the Pros Know About

Secret Information About Frankenstein Critical Analysis Essay Topics That Only the Pros Know About Frankenstein Critical Analysis Essay Topics - What Is It? On how to compose a vital analysis paper, you ought to be in a position to express your opinions basing from experience. Offer your opinion why it's so. You have to reveal your critical thinking abilities and make judgments about the subject as you analyze a report, so it is possible to produce clear opinion and conclusions. You have to demonstrate the suitable critical thinking skills dependent on the approach you take. Critical thinking is vital to any writing project. Towards the close of the article it will become clear he wants readers to feel that it's not a great thing. The most important word here is crucial. The intelligence writing style could be different than what most of you're acquainted with. It is crucial to put forth the notion of the author of the text that you've picked up. You've got to understand what kind of an article you're going to work with, which means you can develop a proper tone and format of your upcoming essay. If writing is a necessity for you while you read, you can begin with an outline draft first where you mention the most crucial points. A topic sentence is typically the very first sentence of the paragraph, not the previous sentence of the former paragraph. Even though the report makes a superb read, there are specific points worth considering in the practice of the evaluation of its practicality to a layman. Our work isn't to copy-paste and produce a short article. If you don't understand the matter, you've hardly any opportunities to succeed. Obviously, the latter alternative is more preferable as you're able to pick the topic you're interested in. As you are reading the report, you must look for details that identify the subject of the report. The author brings within her own experiences, and concrete data to deal with the topic. Not only will it help you keep on topic when writing, but nevertheless, it will permit you to find all your thoughts down while they're still fresh in your thoughts. You have to get a topic and begin by giving an introduction. The New Angle On Frankenstein Critical Analysis Essay Topics Just Released Topics can change depending on your majors. Social networking is everywhere! Health Promotion is an endorsement that intends to encourage individuals to amend their behaviour once it concerns to their wellness, its goal is to persuade individuals to want to modify their way of life and to find assistance from doctors and GPs. This kind of essay is usually imperative to management or company students where they must specify any risk involved with a business venture. An individual cannot deny the simple fact that it's one of the most inescapable components of a student's core curriculum. Describe and analyze what's the key environmental threat to your specific city. There's a plain foundation that can help keep decisions in perspective. Very good research paper is to assess the info supplied concerning ideas and structure. It's true, you needed to know that info. There are special words and word combination employed for analytical purposes which ought to be learned too. Consult appropriate reference materials for things which you do not comprehend. The very best topic for a crucial analysis essay is the one which will give students opportunity to demonstrate their understanding plus the capability to analyze and cope up with relevant judgments. How to compose an analysis essay on a song custom essay writing service do you would like to purchase custom essay online since you feel you're stuck on the. In like essay you have to be very elaborated and you don't need to explain things. Thus the essay is a through evaluation of lots of factors. Writing about poems requires a particular approach. Our writers are available even at the absolute most crunch hours that will help you out with the crucial essays. You can also pick up the language employed by the poet. The New Angle On Frankenstein Critical Analysis Essay Topics Just Released An item analysis report is a review on the operation of the item from the preceding month or year. As a way to realize that you're working with a crucial analysis, you've got to keep in mind that analysis means breaking down and studying of the parts. Crictical analysis calls for a passive approach to the bit of work and you must be patient enough to read and respond. Or perhaps you are conducting a crucial path analysis to evaluate and plan complex work procedures.

How to Be a Good Debater When Writing About Debatable Topics

How to Be a Good Debater When Writing About Debatable TopicsDebating, you ask? You bet! Just like when you talk with your best friends and they start to argue with you - the discussion begins. If you are writing a blog, it could be a way of engaging with readers who are interested in these things and you can start making them engage with you and start getting a response.The thing is, if you don't have a good sense of humor when debating, people will be more inclined to read your blog or article to get back at you. There is a saying that 'argue is mankind's oldest and least reliable method of reasoning.'It's all well and good debating with your friends and their opinions, but sometimes, you'll want to debate and disagree with them too. When doing this, don't discount them; just think of the debate as a way of giving people a way to get more value out of your blog or article, so that more people get the benefit out of reading it.Debatable topics are great for building your online reput ation and being known in the world. Let's face it, it's tough to make it on the internet without writing and publishing on the internet. So, if you can work on building your reputation and build a name for yourself, you'll be able to build credibility among your readers and, in turn, get them to give you referrals, comments, and referrals.Blogs and websites with debatable topics are great for building trust, for establishing the writer as an expert and authority in the field of his/her expertise. For example, let's say that you are writing about a book and you want to be taken seriously as an expert in that particular area. As long as you are providing accurate information, people can take you seriously as a good writer and provide you with valuable feedback, which you can use to further your expertise.The main key is to be able to provide them with the right information, the right way to interpret it, and the right perspective to approach it from. Debating is where you communicate with the reader - giving them the right information so that they can take the right perspective and follow it to the end.To do this, you have to know the reader's needs, understand their likes and dislikes, and then give them the information you feel would help them gain a better understanding. While reading your writing, be attentive and learn from what the reader is getting out of your blog and article.List off the ways that you can help them achieve these goals that they can help you achieve - and you'll be able to make your arguments well-informed and enjoyable to read. Then, with the reader's trust built up, you'll be able to help them advance your expertise and reputation in the realm of topics you know and are familiar with.

Why Study At Jain College?

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A Dialectic Essay Sample Is a Great Way to Find Ideas For Your Essay

A Dialectic Essay Sample Is a Great Way to Find Ideas For Your EssayA dialectic essay sample is a general overview of a great piece of writing. The most common way to view this type of essay is to divide it into topics. This allows you to create an outline for your essay on that topic and allows you to find certain style points within that topic that you can incorporate into your essay. Once you have created an outline, then you will write the actual content of your own essay.The first thing to do is determine what type of writing you are going to be doing in this type of essay. There are two basic ways that people write and that include paragraph writing and essay writing. Sometimes, people are unsure of which method they are going to use in which type of writing. By creating a dialectic essay sample you will be able to determine the appropriate methods of writing that you will use for this particular writing style.In the past, the best of these essay samples was the research and fa ct collection method. That is, you would spend countless hours looking at different forms of evidence and information and compiling all of the facts that you found into a logical argument that was relevant to the topic that you were writing about. You would look for the most information that you could and write a series of sentences or paragraphs that contained the information that you found, but without sounding like a typical person.Today, there are many different things that we do with the research that we don't even think about. Often, we aren't aware of some of the uses of language that we use. Even within fact and research, there are things that we don't even consider. That is why we need to use a dialectic essay sample because it will help us avoid many of the mistakes that we can make when writing our own essays.There are many ways to make sure that your writing is properly researched and properly written. By researching the facts that you want to include, you can reduce the amount of time that you spend reading the facts. If you are working with the internet as your resource, you can quickly read up on the research you have done so that you don't waste time. You will want to keep your research time to a minimum so that you can put your best effort into each sentence of your writing.Lastly, you need to have a natural ability to write so that you can reach your audience. There are many different ways to reach your audience and you need to decide which one works best for you. By creating a dialectic essay sample, you will be able to find out what skills you have that allow you to create a well-written, but informative essay.Finding a dialectic essay sample is as easy as searching for it online. If you are unsure about how to find one, simply search 'dialectic essay samples' and you will get many results in a short period of time.

William Golding Stated in a Radio Broadcast free essay sample

William Golding stated in a radio broadcast that â€Å"the boys are suffering from the terrible disease of being human†. Explain how this pessimistic assessment of human nature is constructed in â€Å"Lord of the Flies†. What indicators are there of â€Å"a light at the end of the tunnel†, that is, of any signs of hope for the future of humanity? The novel ‘Lord of the flies’ is a text by William Golding which deals heavily with underlying themes of an evil that lives in the heart of all of mankind. The novel does indeed portray the idea of the boys suffering from ‘the terrible disease of being human’, and this is suggested at various instances throughout the text. There are also references to a light at the end of the tunnel through the appearance of the character Simon. Throughout the novel, there is a constant contrast of ‘good versus evil’ on a primitive political level between Jack and Ralph, while toying with the themes of the island boys becoming savages due to fear, and evil that lurks within humanity. We will write a custom essay sample on William Golding Stated in a Radio Broadcast or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although there are hints at goodness within mankind, this is also silenced during the second third of the novel due to the arising savagery of the boys. Examples of such behaviour (both good and bad) include the political struggle for power between Jack and Ralph; the face paint of the savages as a representation of evil; the presence of the Conch as a representation of civil authority; the appearance of the character Simon and his messiah-like presence amongst the boys; and the collapse of all society leaving Ralph as the final civil member. During the novel, there is a maintained contrast between the civil, political governing of Ralph, against the savage, tribal ways of Jack’s rule. This eternal dance of opposites on the island serves to show that the evil within all of mankind can stir and grow, and savagery can overcome civilisation in the right circumstances. Even at one point, Ralph almost descends into savagery as he felt the desire to squeeze and hurt was over-mastering. (p. 126). This occurs during the play-hunting passages, a scene in where the boys re-enacted the killing of the first pig in an almost tribal ritual, where the primal urges overcome even the civilized chief. This shows that even the main representation of civilization was perhaps falling and faltering, if only for momentarily, this is still an example of a sophisticated human giving into primal temptation. A key example of a savage metaphor includes the boys’ face paint. The painted faces of the savages do not exist early on in the book, as not many children have the desire to hunt, a possible reason for this is that the memories of civilization and rules are not yet forgotten, and to kill innocent animals was as yet unheard of: Here, invisible yet strong, was the taboo of the old life. (p. 56). Jack was hesitant in killing his first pig, perhaps the downfall of the society begins here, as the hunter is enraged at himself, his naked face symbolizing the innocence of the children. This is changed by the presence of face paint, which provides the boys a barrier to hide behind, a mask to hide, yet one which reflects the true nature of man. I painted my faceI stole up. Now you eatall of youand I William Golding, p. 67 This is a demonstration in the sheer pride of Jacks first kill. His confidence and his tribal, hunting nature is accentuated by his mask of paint. His inner primal form escapes for the first time escapes here for the first time in the text. In contrast to this emergence of animal-like behavior are metaphors for authority and civilization as a whole, such as the Conch. The conch represents civilization and stability, highlighted by it’s impressive shape and pure white glow (white obviously representing cleanliness and purity). Early on, the conch holds authority, and is used to maintain control over the tribe of boys, as the story progresses however; the conch becomes less and less valuable. As the boys begin to disrespect rules and authority and disregard them, the conch deteriorates, if only to be kept alive by the human representation of rationality, Piggy. The fall of civilization is climaxed with the death of piggy, and simultaneously, the conch: The rock struck Piggy a glancing blow from chin to knee; the conch exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist. William Golding p. 200 As the conch shatters into pieces, so does the island boys chance for civilization to restore, the last remaining flicker of society gone in an instant when faced against the painted faced tribal boys. It can also be argued that the downfall of the boys was reinforced by the death of Simon. As the true nature of humankind comes to light here, Golding shows that the existence of purity will ultimately be silenced by the evil within man. As evil nature is a key theme in this book, so is the existence of goodness and purity which is personified through the character Simon. Simon can be considered a Christ like figure throughout the novel. He often thinks to himself on his own in the forest and experiences hallucinations and faintness, much as biblical prophets did. As he was the only one who understood what was going on truly in the island, suggested when he says Maybe there is a beast. maybe its only us. (p. 80). It can be suggested that even though he was killed before his message was spread of the beast; his mere existence proves there is still hope for mankind according to Golding, however small this glint of hope may be. Somewhat similar to Christ, who was (according to Christian belief) free of original sin, and died for mankind before he could spread his message. The merciless death of Simon and Piggy show the extent of mankind’s evils, but one civil member of society was left to tell the tale for a reason. Golding’s purpose for this was to allow the boys themselves to realize their evil, by keeping Ralph alive, he was able to reflect on the deaths of Piggy and Simon. In doing this, he was able to truly appreciate the ‘darkness of man’s heart’ for what it was. This climax provides a gritty, emotional realization for the focal character and in turn, the reader. Through Ralph remains as the only civil member of the society left by the end of the novel, he can still be considered an ‘average boy’, though he remained civil and dignified throughout the novel, he occasionally lapsed into temptation unlike Piggy and Simon. Because there are still occasional hints of him regressing in his primal form, he occasionally forgets the purpose of his fire. â€Å"There was something good about a fire. Something overwhelmingly good† William Golding p. 200 The reader is shown that even the nominated, democratic leader is succumbing to the terrible disease of being human. The disease that given the right circumstances, the right timing, man with regress back into it’s original, evil, diseased state of cruel humanity. As this is discovered finally by Ralph at the end of the novel, a powerful passage involves him breaking down in pain and realization of humanity’s evil. Ralph wept for the end of innocence, the darkness of mans heart, and the fall through the air of the true, wise friend called Piggy. William Golding, Lord of the Flies, Chapter 12 As Ralph realizes the true nature of mankind at the climax of the text, he is emotionally and mentally distraught at the thought that all of humankind is cursed with the terrible disease of being human. This shows that even the strongest of men can be reduced to tears at the thought of humankind and its ways. To conclude, the pessimistic nature of man is constructed throughout the novel in the form of various acts and metaphors representing the different social statuses of the boys on the island, such as face paint representing savagery, and naked faces and the conch represent civilization. However, there is also some ‘light at the end of the tunnel’ depicted through the uncorrupted characters of Simon and Piggy. Though ultimately killed, their existence shows that perhaps there is still hope for mankind, despite its humane sickness. The ever changing dance of opposites between good and evil is finally resolved on the island, but as Ralph realizes, the darkness of man’s heart will never be changed.

The Tempest Passage Analysis Essays

The Tempest Passage Analysis Essays The Tempest Passage Analysis Essay The Tempest Passage Analysis Essay Essay Topic: The Tempest In William Shakespeares The Tempest, one of the most intriguing characters that Shakespeare creates is that of Prospero. Prosperos character is significant as he adds a mysterious aspect to The Tempest because Prospero, himself, is also very hidden and secretive. The passage from Act 1, Scene 2, lines 271 to 286 provides the reader with an example of how Prospero can be very manipulative and deceitful. One of the first assumptions that the reader can make is that it is throughout this particular speech that Prospero is employing his manipulative skills in order to convince Ariel that it is only because of Prosperos powers that Ariel is now free from being trapped within the cloven pine, within which rift/ Imprisoned [Ariel] didst painfully remain. (1:2:279-280) Through Prosperos speech, it becomes evident that Prospero is attempting to emphasize the emptiness and torturous isolation that Ariel had to endure and might have continued to endure was it not for the help of Prospero. It is interesting to point out, however, that Prospero seems to over-emphasize the issue which is obviously suggested through his language. For example, Prospero exclaims to Ariel such phrases as left thee there, where thou didst vent thy groans,(1:2:282) Imprisoned thou didst painfully remain/ A dozen years; within which space she died, (1:2:280-281) and Then was this island- / Save for the son that she did litter here. (1:2:283-284) Through particular words such as left, groans, space, the reader sees how Prospero uses his art of persuasion in order to make Ariel believe that the life that he now possesses is of much more value than the empty, painful and isolated life that he once lived. Although it is evident that Prospero attempts to portray himself as a noble, good-natured man, this point may be argued. In fact, Prospero calls Ariel my slave (1:2:272) which leaves the reader to question why Prospero simply did not grant Ariel his freedom initially if he was so kind and noble. I n comparison, the relationship between Prospero and Ariel can be seen as symbolic of the relationship that existed between the European settlers and the original inhabitants of the land of which they exploited. In both cases, Prospero and the European settlers use the excuse that they are actually helping the inhabitants as justification for their acts. In addition to the unveiling of Prosperos manipulative character, it also becomes evident that Prospero places a great value on honor. Interestingly, however, Prospero associates honor with physical appearance. This is clearly shown when Prospero calls Caliban [a] freckled whelp, hag-born not honored with/ A human shape. (1:2:285-286) In effect, Prospero is illustrated as being a superficial man who looks down upon those who do not fit the standards created by society. Thus, the main significance of the passage is that it allows the reader to truly understand Prosperos two-dimensional character. Although it is portrayed that he is a good man for helping Ariel, it is also seen that he uses that compassionate act in order to manipulate Ariel in being his slave. In addition, the reader acknowledges that honor is of importance to Prospero, yet he associates honor with superficial ideals. In effect, the false impression that Prospero attempts to portray becomes just one of the many illusions that exist on Prosperos island.